study material

how to direct client authentication to another dc????

renaming dc

netdom computername old dcname /add:new dc

http://www.msexchange.org/tutorials/domain-rename.html

http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/windowsserver/bb405948.aspx#top

What is Round Robin and Netmask Ordering

DNS Round Robin is a mechanism for choosing an IP address from the list returned by a DNS server so that all clients won't get the same IP address every time. Netmask ordering is a mechanism for further optimizing which IP address is used by attempting to determine the closest result.

842197 Description of the netmask ordering feature and the round robin feature in Windows Server 2003 DNS http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;EN-US;842197

The netmask ordering feature is used to return addresses for type A DNS queries to prioritize local resources to the client. For example, if the following conditions are true, the results of a query for a name are returned to the client based on Internet protocol (IP) address proximity:

You have eight type A records for the same DNS name.

Each of your eight type A records has a separate address.

The round robin feature is used to randomize the results of a similar type of query to provide basic load-balancing functionality. In the earlier example, eight type A records with the same name and different IP addresses cause a different answer to be prioritized to the top with each query. Because a new IP address is prioritized to the top with each query, clients are not repeatedly routed to the same server.

The key points here are that DNS Round Robin only provides a simple load-balancing system by alternating the IP at the top of the list the DNS server returns and that Netmask Ordering will return a list with the "closest" IP at the top of the list the DNS server returns. Both are server side mechanisms commonly used to provide simple load balancing functionality.

The registry size limit is exceeded. Additionally, the following event message is logged in the System log:

Event Type: Error

Event Source: Srv

Event Category: None

Event ID: 2020

Date: Date

Time: Time

User: N/A

Computer: Server Name

Description: The server was unable to allocate from the system paged pool because the pool was empty.

Nonpaged Pool

The kernel and device drivers use nonpaged pool to store data that might be accessed when the system can’t handle page faults. The kernel enters such a state when it executes interrupt service routines (ISRs) and deferred procedure calls (DPCs), which are functions related to hardware interrupts. Page faults are also illegal when the kernel or a device driver acquires a spin lock, which, because they are the only type of lock that can be used within ISRs and DPCs, must be used to protect data structures that are accessed from within ISRs or DPCs and either other ISRs or DPCs or code executing on kernel threads. Failure by a driver to honor these rules results in the most common crash code, IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL.

Nonpaged pool is therefore always kept present in physical memory and nonpaged pool virtual memory is assigned physical memory. Common system data structures stored in nonpaged pool include the kernel and objects that represent processes and threads, synchronization objects like mutexes, semaphores and events, references to files, which are represented as file objects, and I/O request packets (IRPs), which represent I/O operations.

http://www.simple-talk.com/sysadmin/general/troubleshooting-nonpaged-and-paged-pool-errors-in-windows/

Paged Pool

Paged pool, on the other hand, gets its name from the fact that Windows can write the data it stores to the paging file, allowing the physical memory it occupies to be repurposed. Just as for user-mode virtual memory, when a driver or the system references paged pool memory that’s in the paging file, an operation called a page fault occurs, and the memory manager reads the data back into physical memory. The largest consumer of paged pool, at least on Windows Vista and later, is typically the Registry, since references to registry keys and other registry data structures are stored in paged pool. The data structures that represent memory mapped files, called sections internally, are also stored in paged pool.
Paged pool memory is a region in virtual memory which can be paged in and paged out of the system. Device driver which do not need to access the memory from DPC/Dispatch level or above can use paged pool. it is accessible from any process context.

Device drivers use the ExAllocatePoolWithTag API to allocate nonpaged and paged pool, specifying the type of pool desired as one of the parameters. Another parameter is a 4-byte Tag, which drivers are supposed to use to uniquely identify the memory they allocate, and that can be a useful key for tracking down drivers that leak pool, as I’ll show later.

Event ID: 2020
Source: Srv
Description: The server was unable to allocate from the system paged pool because the pool was empty.

-or-

Event ID: 2019
Source: Srv
Description: The server was unable to allocate from the system nonpaged pool because the pool was empty.

Windbg is a tool for debugging windows memory dump…………..